Influence of Spirituality and Religious Practices on Health
What is religion?
Religion refers to the outward practice of a system of attitudes, beliefs, and rituals about a God. It usually involves group observance (Kirby, Coleman, & Daley, 2004), but many individuals internalize beliefs and behaviors associated with an organized religion (Atchley, 1997).
What is spirituality?
Spirituality is more about an inner experience, which may or may not be expressed through religion (Atchley, 1997). Spirituality is often described as having a sense of connection with a power outside of ourselves. This power may be God, the universe, or something less specific (Kirby, Coleman, & Daley, 2004). It helps us to make sense of daily life and find meaning or purpose in the things we do (Wilson, 2010).
Words that describe spirituality (Atchley, 2009):
- Connectedness
- Deep inner silence
- Insight
- Compassion
- Transformation or change
- Wonder
- Transcendence of personal self
- Inner peace or harmony
Any activity can feel spiritual, but here are some examples (Wilson, 2010):
- Watching a sunset
- Hearing beautiful music
- Visiting a sacred place
- Going for a walk
How does spirituality impact well-being as we age?
Religion and spirituality can be a resource because they give us a sense of meaning and control in our lives. Research shows that a sense of purpose helps us to organize our lives and stay involved in activities that are important to us, despite illness, disability, or crisis (Swarbrick & Burkhardt, 2000). Spirituality can be used as a coping strategy and can have positive effects on adjustment and well-being, especially among older people. (Kirby, Coleman, & Daley, 2004).
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